CIVIL PROCEDURE I & II
6 credits
Civil Procedure is the study of procedural rules governing civil actions in state and federal courts. The topics studied throughout the year include selection of the proper court and place for litigation, jurisdiction over the parties, joinder of parties and claims, contents of pleadings, discovery, pre-trial motions, conduct of trials, and conflicts between state and federal judicial systems. Required for first-year day-division students.

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW I (Claus) (Prakash)
4 credits
The study of the United States Constitution, stressing the theory and practice of judicial interpretation and review, the separation of federal powers, the relation of the states to the federal government, and specific powers of the federal government - in particular the tax, treaty, war and commercial powers. In addition, the various limitations imposed on the exercise of governmental power, with emphasis on the due process clauses and on freedoms of speech, press, and religion and the Bill of Rights are addressed in this course.

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW I (Zacharias)
4 credits
The study of the United States Constitution, stressing the theory and practice of judicial interpretation and review, structural issues (including separation of federal powers, the relation of the states to the federal government, and federal power under the commerce clause), and the free speech clause of the first amendment.

CONTRACTS
4 credits
An introduction to legal reasoning and analytical skills through an investigation of how the law enforces agreements. Included are such topics as: the requirements for the formation of a contract; problems of interpretation; damages for breach; the statute of frauds; illegality; and problems which arise during the performance stage of a contract, such as the creation and failure of express and implied conditions, excuse through impossibility or frustration of purpose, and discharge. Article II of the Uniform Commercial Code is introduced and compared with the common law of contracts. Required for first-year students.

CRIMINAL LAW
4 credits
The purpose of criminal law, the development of the common law of crimes, the elements of the widely recognized criminal offenses, and the changes brought about by major statutes in connection with their effect on the present-day systems of criminal justice in the United States are explored in this course. Required for first-year students.

PROPERTY
4 credits
Consideration is given, in both a historical and modern sense, to the rights and obligations that arise out of the legal ownership of possessory and non-possessory interests, tangible, and to a limited extent, intangible, personal, and real property. Areas covered include estates in land, landlord-tenant, conveyancing, land development, public and private control of land use, non-possessory rights in land, bailments, lost and misplaced property, gifts, and an introduction to gratuitous transfers of realty. Required for first-year students.

TORTS
4 credits
An exploration of the principles involved in determining whether an injured person should be compensated for harm caused by another, including such diverse topics as intentional harms, negligence, and strict liability. Required for first-year students.

CIVIL PROCEDURE I & II (Henning)
6 credits
Civil Procedure is the study of procedural rules governing civil actions in state and federal courts. The topics studied throughout the year include selection of the proper court and place for litigation, jurisdiction over the parties, joinder of parties and claims, contents of pleadings, discovery, pre-trial motions, conduct of trials, and conflicts between state and federal judicial systems. Required for second-year evening-division students.

PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITY (Murr) (Zacharias)
3 credits
The roles of the lawyer in society and the obligations implied in those roles are examined. Topics include qualifications for admission, disciplinary standards and procedures, the history and organization of the legal profession; the provision, marketing, and compensation arrangements for legal services; avoiding conflict of interest; obligations to clients, the courts, and society, and conflicts presented by the adversary system for settlements of disputes; and responsibilities of lawyers as public servants and citizens. American Bar standards will be reviewed. Required for upper-class students.

ADJUDICATION SEMINAR (Horton)
2 credits
This limited-enrollment seminar, which is meant for upper-class students who contemplate a judicial clerkship or who have decided on a career in litigation, deals with the methods of litigation and courtroom adjudication. Students taking a judicial internship are required to take this seminar, generally as a co-requisite of the internship. Lawyering Skills II is a desirable course to take prior to or while taking Adjudication Seminar. A paper or similar project is required. This paper does not meet the writing requirement.

ADMINISTRATIVE LAW (Law)
4 credits
This course discusses the basic rules and principles governing federal administrative agencies. Subjects covered include the procedures governing administrative agencies, judicial review of administrative action, and presidential and congressional controls over agencies. The rules governing agencies are quite different from those that govern courts. Knowledge of these rules has become increasingly important, as many practitioners are now likely to spend more time dealing with administrative agencies than litigating in court.

ADVANCED CORPORATE TAX PROBLEMS (Shaw)
2 credits
A series of planning and structural problems involving advanced issues in corporate taxation will be discussed. The topics to be covered include advanced corporate asset disposition and distribution problems; redemptions; stock transfers and dividends; collapsible corporations; accumulated earnings tax; personal holding companies and S corporations. Prerequisite: Tax II (Corporate Tax). This is an advanced tax course with priority enrollment for LL.M. in Taxation students.

ADVANCED RESEARCH IN LAW AND POLITICAL SCIENCE (Law/McCubbins)
3 credits
In this course, we will read and discuss cutting-edge literature at the intersection of political science and law, in a seminar format. The goal of the course is to engage students first-hand in the critical evaluation and production of interdisciplinary research. In lieu of an end-of-semester examination, participants will be required on a weekly basis to give written comments and perform editorial work upon articles that will appear in a forthcoming volume of the Journal of Contemporary Legal Issues dedicated to positive political theory and the law. Prior knowledge of game theory or empirical social science would be helpful, but is not a prerequisite. This course is cross-listed at the graduate level in political science at UCSD and will meet off-campus.

ADVANCED TRIAL ADVOCACY (Sandler/Lasry)
3 credits
A course combining one hour per week of demonstrations and lecture with a two hour per week workshop involving critique of individual student performances in a number of the more difficult areas of trial practice. Students are videotaped throughout the semester with feedback from instructors, practitioners and peers. In additions to the weekly problems, students perform at least one practice trial and a final trial. This is an intensive course designed to focus on individual presentation skills. Prerequisites: Lawyering Skills II and Evidence. Enrollment is limited. Students are graded by the standard letter grading system.

ANIMAL LAW (Henning)
2 credits
Animal Law is a survey of the wide range of laws pertaining to animals. Some of the topics to be discussed during the semester include how animals have been defined by courts and legislatures, interpretation and enforcement of federal and state animal welfare statutes, and liabilities connected with the guardianship/ownership of animals. We will also consider the ethical implications of using animals for experimentation and food. In addition to reading the materials and participating in class discussions, students will be required to write a substantial paper on an issue related to animal law.

BIOETHICS AND THE LAW (Kolber)
3 credits
This course explores legal and ethical issues associated with life and death decision-making. In the past, we have covered such topics as euthanasia, assisted suicide, organ donation, reproductive rights, informed consent, and human medical experimentation. We have also discussed advances in medicine and biotechnology that arguably make us "better than well," including new pharmaceuticals that enhance memory, concentration, and mood. This class will lay a foundation in moral theory and will raise, as a running theme, questions about the interrelationship between law and ethics. Sources will be drawn from groundbreaking legal cases as well as secondary sources in law and moral philosophy.

BUSINESS PLANNING (Friedman)
3 credits
This seminar combines advance work in Corporations, Federal and State Securities laws, and Federal Taxation in the context of business planning and counseling. The course is based upon a series of problems involving common business transactions which present corporate securities law and tax issues for analysis, and resolution. The problems cover such topics as factors in the decision to incorporate; the formation of partnerships, limited liability companies, and corporations, both closely held and publicly owned; securities law considerations in raising capital; corporate distributions; the sale and purchase of businesses; mergers and other forms of acquisition; and recapitalization, division, and dissolution of corporations. A research paper is required. Prerequisites: Tax I and Corporations.

BUSINESS TORTS (Horton)
3 credits
Business Torts is a three-credit upper-division course that surveys the main common-law tort claims, defenses, and remedies, as well as sampling various statutory claims and remedies associated with non-criminal commercial litigation.  Topics include conversion, unfair competition, interference with contract, injurious falsehood, trade secret misappropriation, misrepresentation, deceptive advertising, and Civil RICO.  Students are encouraged to take Business Torts prior to or while they are taking such courses as trademarks, antitrust, securities litigation, intellectual property, employment law, and creditors' remedies.  At the instructor's opinion, the course grade may be based in whole or in part on a paper.

CIVIL RIGHTS THEORIES SEMINAR (Brooks)
3 credits
This seminar will study closely several systems of accepted knowledge about how our government regulates or should regulate race relations during this Post-Civil Rights Era. These racial paradigms provide the subtext of public and, to a lesser extent, private institutional decision making, and are often debated within the pages of Supreme Court cases. While references will be made to Supreme Court cases and to specific justices, the seminar will focus on primary sources; in other words, the texts that generate fundamental civil rights theories. The readings will be interdisciplinary (drawing on legal, sociological, economic, psychological, historical, and political themes) and will stress the importance of contextualization. A conceptual scheme will be offered to help students understand, organize, and analyze civil rights theories; but students will be asked to develop their own well-informed views about the theories. Students will be evaluated on the basis of a paper plus weekly oral and written classroom presentations. Enrollment is limited to 10 law students on a first-come, first-served basis.

COMPARATIVE CONSTITUTIONAL LAW (Claus)
3 credits
This course considers how sophisticated political systems limit and channel the exercise of governmental power. We do this primarily by taking the great issues of American constitutional law and asking how those issues are treated elsewhere. The course is open to all upper-class students, and may be taken concurrent with Constitutional Law.

COMPARATIVE CORPORATE LAW SEMINAR ( Dallas )
3 credits
This seminar explores the corporate law systems in the U.S., European Union, China and Japan. It includes coverage of the basic regulatory regimes, legal personality, federalization and harmonization of corporate law, and the regulation of the conduct of management.  Students are required to complete a paper for this course. Prerequisite: Corporations or comparable course in foreign university.

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW II (Ramsey, M.)
4 credits
This course considers the individual rights provisions of the U.S. Constitution, with particular focus on the Fourteenth Amendment. Principal topics include the guarantees of procedural and substantive due process, and equal protection of the laws. In these contexts the course will also address theories and practices of constitutional interpretation and the role of the judiciary. The grade will be based on class participation and a final examination. Prerequisite: Constitutional Law I

COPYRIGHT LAW (McGowan, D.)
3 credits
This course surveys the law relating to rights in expressive works. We will study what copyright covers -- such as books, movies, musical recordings, and software -- and distinguish copyright from other forms of intellectual property, such as trademarks and patents. We will focus on the exclusive rights granted in copyrightable works, rules governing the transfer of those rights, what acts infringe those rights, what remedies the law provides for infringement, and what limitations the law places on those rights, such as the fair use doctrine. In connection with these subjects, we will discuss some topics of current interest, such as the rules governing the copying and distribution of music over peer-to-peer networks, digital rights management, and open-source software development. We will discuss some economic principles and some principles of free speech, but only as these subjects relate to rights in expressive works. The course should be of particular interest to students interested in the entertainment or technology fields.

CORPORATE FINANCE (Partnoy)
3 credits
This course covers the core concepts of finance as they relate to the study and practice of law. Topics include financial statement analysis, capital budgeting, valuation of stocks and bonds, risk management, portfolio theory, derivatives, and corporate financial management. The course includes quantitative concepts and exercises. Prerequisite: Corporations. Each student is required to purchase and use a financial calculator.

CORPORATE REORGANIZATIONS ( Ferguson )
2 credits
This course considers the tax treatment of corporations and shareholders in corporate acquisitive reorganizations, single corporation reorganizations and corporate divisions, including carryovers. Tax II is recommended but not required. Prerequisite: Tax I. This is an advanced tax course with priority enrollment for LL.M. in Taxation students.

CORPORATIONS (Smith, T.)(Wonnell)
4 credits
This course examines the structure and the rights and obligations of directors, officers, and shareholders mainly under state corporations law. Other topics include partnerships and limited liability entities. The course covers, among other subjects, the characteristics of the corporation as distinct from other forms of business association, the special problems of the closely-held corporations (a corporation owned by a few persons), the fiduciary obligations of directors and controlling shareholders in closely-held and public corporations, procedures for decision making by directors and shareholders, shareholder voting rights, and certain federal securities law subjects, such as insider trading.

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE I (Kamisar)
3 credits
This course is limited to pre-trial matters, as effected by the fourth, fifth, and sixth amendments. Coverage will include arrest, search and seizure, wiretap, lineups, interrogation, and the exclusionary rules.

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE II (Huffman)
3 credits
In this advanced criminal procedure class, students will continue the study commenced in Criminal Procedure I, focusing on the processing of a criminal defendant through the criminal justice system. The course will address a number of issues regularly presented in criminal cases, including the charging process, the right to a speedy trial, criminal discovery and disclosure, the right to jury trial, the right to effective assistance of counsel, the right to confrontation and the exercise of the privilege against self incrimination at trial. In addition the course will include discussions of the principles of the right against double jeopardy, and post conviction remedies such as direct appeal and petitions for habeas corpus. The purpose of the course is to develop an understanding of the basic structure of the criminal process in a federal system of government as well as the basic principles underlying the constitutional and procedural protections of the criminal justice system. Students will be permitted to choose to submit a paper or to take a final examination for the course grade. Prerequisites: Criminal Law and Criminal Procedure I.

ECONOMIC LIBERTIES & THE CONSTITUTION (Siegan)
3 credits
The United States Supreme Court protects a variety of liberties, including among others, freedom of speech, press, religion, travel, commercial speech and homosexual activity. However, since 1938, it has not protected economic liberties which are very important in a commercial society because these liberties secure the right to produce and distribute goods and services. These liberties have long been protected in English speaking nations, beginning with the Magna Carta which John, King of England and Ireland, executed in 1215. In the charter which was the first official document to secure economic liberties, King John agreed to return the castles he had confiscated and to remit the exorbitant taxes he had collected. In the years following the Magna Carta, the English judges interpreted it to protect the right to work which could not be limited by monopoly. The judges also upheld the right of a doctor who was a graduate of Cambridge to practice his profession without license from the London College of Physicians. The problem with the law was that it gave 50% of the fines assessed for violation to the College. In this country, the U.S. Supreme Court protected economic liberties from 1893 to 1938. U.S. Supreme Court Justices antagonistic to this policy terminated it in 1938.

EMPLOYMENT LAW (Lobel)
3 credits
This course offers students an overview of important legal issues that are raised in the context of the employment relationship. We will discuss employment as a contractual agreement, including tort and statutory protections, such as wrongful discharge, wage and hour laws (FLSA), leave (e.g., FMLA), safety (OSHA), discrimination (Title VII; ADA; ADEA), privacy and freedom of speech, and intellectual property issues such as R&D ownership, trade secrets and non-competition clauses. Throughout the course, student will be able to deepen their study of contract law, torts, and regulatory processes through the context of the workplace.

ENTERPRISE, PRODUCTS AND NO-FAULT LIABILITY (Ursin)
3 credits
For the past half-century, tort law has been one of the most dynamic areas of American law. Beginning in the 1960's, landmark judicial decisions, many from California, sparked a strict products liability "revolution" and a reshaping of the contours of negligence law. And in the 1970's a number of state legislatures enacted automobile no-fault plans supplanting "tort". This dynamism continues today with the American Law Institute's highly controversial Restatement (Third) of Torts and renewed initiatives for no-fault alternatives to tort (as well as the September 11th Victims' Compensation Fund). This course examines these developments from the perspective of the theoretical viewpoints and political forces that influenced the judicial decisions and legislative initiatives that have reshaped and continue to reshape American personal injury. Students who have previously taken Products Liability with Professor Ursin are NOT eligible to enroll in this course.

ENVIRONMENTAL LAW SEMINAR (Richardson, Ziparo)
3 credits
This course will cover major federal legislative initiatives in the environmental field, including the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“Superfund”). We will analyze the constitutional underpinnings of these statutes and explore related issues including citizen suit provisions and the roles and relationships of federal, state, and local governments in the enactment and enforcement of environmental legislation. The course touches briefly on environmental rulemaking and multi-venue litigation addressing the relationship between federal statutes and state common law, as well as environmental insurance issues. No prerequisites necessary, final examination only, offered Spring 2006. Course will be taught on select Saturdays to be announced at first class meeting.

ERISA & EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS (Wolds)
2 credits
This course will consider Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and its implications for employee benefit plan administration and litigation.  Attention will be devoted to fiduciary conduct, investment management concerns, reporting and disclosure rules, federal preemption of state laws, and employees benefit claim and fiduciary litigation. Tax I is a prequisite. LL.M. in Taxation students may take Tax I concurrently. This is an advanced tax course with priority enrollment for LL.M. in Taxation students.

ESTATE PLANNING (Lilly)
3 credits
The study of estate planning brings together in a practical, planning-oriented approach the knowledge gained from many courses to assist prospective lawyers in advising their clients how to arrange the most effective disposition of their capital and income. The income taxation of trusts and estates, the revocable trust, and the marital deduction are reviewed in detail. Differences between planning with separate property and community property are considered. This course is tax intensive and intended for students with a strong interest in tax law. Prerequisites: Tax I (Basic Federal Tax), Taxation of Wealth Transfers, and T&E: Wills & Trusts. This is an advanced tax course with priority enrollment for LL.M. in Taxation students.

EUROPEAN UNION LAW (Folsom)
3 credits
Law, policy and procedures of the European Union, including growth of the EU common market and its jurisdiction, law-making, litigation, freedoms of movement, common economic and social policies, the EURO, external trade relations, human rights, and business competition law.

EVIDENCE (Dripps)
4 credits
The rules of evidence in judicial tribunals, focussing on the Federal Rules of Evidence and the California Evidence Code are addressed in this course. Also covered are issues relating to: (1) judicial control and administration - functions of judge and jury, judicial notice, burden of proof presumptions, problems of relevancy, circumstantial evidence, and unfair prejudice; and (2) witnesses - competency, privileges, principles of examination and cross-examination, impeachment and support, expert and lay opinion testimony. The hearsay rule and its exceptions, rules relating to writings, real and scientific evidence are also examined. Taught in one semester.

EVIDENCE (Devitt)
4 credits
This course is about how facts can and must be proved in courts of law. The course gives a lot of attention to the Federal Rules of Evidence. Among the specific topics are: relevancy, circumstantial evidence, and unfair prejudice; "real" evidence; documents; scientific evidence. Much of the course is about the laws governing witnesses, including: competency, privileges, the law of examination and cross-examination, impeachment and reinforcement, expert and lay opinion testimony. The course also deals with the hearsay rule and its many wonderful exceptions. Taught in one semester

FEDERAL CRIMES (Rice)
2 credits
This course will focus on the unique characteristics of Federal Criminal law. Attention will be paid to the jurisdiction of the Federal Government over criminal law as well as the individual statutes that are employed by Federal prosecutors in prosecuting a wide range of offenses. Federal prosecutions will be considered from the investigative stage, including the use of the grand jury, through the charging, plea-bargaining, trial, sentencing and appellate stages. Special consideration will be given to the increasing role of the Federal Government in prosecuting state and local corruption. This course will be especially beneficial for those students considering a career in criminal law as either prosecutors or criminal defense lawyers.

FEDERAL LAND LAW (Reed)
3 credits
This course examines the policies, statutes, regulations, and judicial decisions that govern the administration of federally owned lands and resources. One-third of the United States, including 45% of California, is owned and managed by the federal government. Whether the federal lands are to be used for mineral production, grazing, timber cutting, wildlife protection, recreation or simply preservation presents continuing policy and litigation issues. The federal government, states, developers and environmentalists all have an interest in decisions affection the management of federal lands. A research paper is required.

INCOME TAXATION OF TRUSTS AND ESTATES (Harris)
3 credits
The federal income taxation of trusts, estates, and their beneficiaries; distributable net income; distribution deductions for simple and complex trusts and estates; grantor trusts; income in respect of a decedent; and throwback rules. Prerequisites: Both Tax I and T&E: Wills & Trusts. This is an advanced tax course with priority enrollment for LL.M. in Taxation students.

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY SEMINAR: CURRENT ISSUES IN INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY (Ramsey, L.)
3 credits
This seminar is intended for students interested in cutting-edge intellectual property law and theory.  We will first evaluate and compare different theoretical foundations for intellectual property rights.  Then we will explore currently unresolved issues in the law of patents, copyrights, trademarks, and other areas of intellectual property law.  Students are required to write a research paper and present that paper to the class during the second half of the semester.  Grades will be based on the paper, presentation, and class participation; there is no final examination.  Prerequisite: Completion of an intellectual property survey course or at least two other intellectual property courses (patent, copyright, trademark, etc.), or the consent of the instructor.  Enrollment limit: 15 students.

INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAW (Vargas)
3 credits
The course is designed to analyze some of the major international environmental problems of interest to the United States. A wide variety of current and traditional transborder legal questions regarding international rivers, marine and air pollution, toxic waste and hazardous materials, endangered species, and nuclear radiation are discussed. Special emphasis is given to contemporary legal questions, including a special segment devoted to analyzing the bilateral environmental issues with Canada and Mexico. A paper is required.

INTERNATIONAL INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY (Ramsey, L.)
3 credits
This course examines international protection of intellectual property.  We will focus on international treaties, agreements, and dispute resolution systems relating to trademarks, patents, copyrights, and related rights.  The course will also cover acquisition and enforcement of intellectual property rights in foreign markets.  Prerequisite: Completion of an intellectual property survey course or at least two other intellectual property courses (patent, copyright, trademark, etc.), or the consent of the instructor. The grade will be based on a final examination.

INTERNATIONAL NEGOTIATION (Wiggins, C.)
3 credits
The course will include specific materials and skill-building exercises on cross-cultural aspects of the bargaining process. Participants will include lawyers from other nations who are enrolled in USD's LLMC program, and upper class American JD students. This course will be cross-listed with the Master's program in Peace & Justice, so enrollment will be limited.

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ( Adams )
3 credits
This course examines international organizations in a legal context, and includes a discussion of regional, global, intergovernmental, and non-governmental organizations. Topics include the legal framework of such organizations, the relationship between such organizations and U.S. law, the role of such organizations in international governance (including dispute settlement), and a comparative analysis of such organizations. Particular emphasis is placed on the United Nations and on issues of security, economics, and human rights. Underlying the course is an inquiry into the role of law on an international level. The course will also look at the effect of international organizations on traditional concepts of sovereignty, issues of enforcement and legitimacy, and the gap between theory and practice. A research paper is required.

INTERNATIONAL SALES TRANSACTIONS ( Lawrence )
3 credits
This seminar course will focus primarily on the international conventions that deal with commercial transactions. The emphasis will be on developing an understanding of the provisions of the conventions and comparing them with the domestic law of the United States. Attention to the Convention on the International Sales of Goods (CISG) will predominate.

INTERNATIONAL TAXATION (Pugh)
3 credits
This basic course in international taxation will focus on the principles relating to the taxation of foreign persons (individuals as well as legal entities) by the United States and the U.S. taxation of income received by U.S. individuals and entities from activities abroad. Topics will include principles of international tax jurisdiction; rules relating to the source of income and deductions; the foreign tax credit; Section 482 and transfer pricing; foreign currency translations; international double taxation treaties and an introduction to controlled foreign corporations. Prerequisite: Tax II is recommended.

INTERNATIONAL TRADE LAW (Ramsey, M.)
3 credits
This course will analyze the key legal and policy issues relating to international trade, with particular emphasis on the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the World Trade Organization (WTO). Additional topics include aspects of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and other regional free trade areas, and U.S. laws relating to international trade. Political and economic policy considerations, as well as international agreements, laws, cases and commentary will be examined to understand how trade law is formulated and applied in theory and practice. Substantial emphasis will be placed on matters of current interest and controversy, including expansion of free trade agreements in the Western Hemisphere, the relationship between the United States and China, and efforts to develop protections for investment, labor and the environment. The grade will be based on class participation, a presentation and a research paper.

INTERVIEWING AND COUNSELING (Snyder, A.)
3 credits
A course designed to provide advanced training in the skills of client interviewing and counseling. The first part of the course is devoted to learning the specific micro-skills that make up effective interviewing through demonstrations and role play. The second part deals with learning how to counsel clients in resolving their legal problems. The course employs various self-scoring personality diagnostic tools in assisting students to understand their own interviewing and counseling characteristics. In addition, students will have the opportunity to conduct interviews of actual clients in a variety of contexts including Las Colinas Women's Detention Facility, senior citizen centers and others. Ethical issues unique to interviewing and counseling are emphasized. Lawyering Skills II is highly recommended prior to enrollment in this course. Enrollment is limited. The course is graded on a 4-tier Pass/Fail basis.

INTRODUCTION TO UNITED STATES LAW (Devitt)
2 credits
Introduction to United States Law is a required course for Master of Comparative Law students. No other students may enroll. This course comparatively introduces distinctly American approaches to law, lawyering and legal processes. Special emphasis is placed on the common law tradition. This course is for LLMC students only.

JUDICIAL LAWMAKING (Ursin)
3 credits
Judicial Lawmaking examines the lawmaking role of courts.  Although the principal concern is the common law (torts), attention is also given to constitutional law - and the influence that constitutional law ( Lochner, Brown v. Board of Education, Roe v. Wade) developments have had on attitudes toward judicial lawmaking generally.  A primary focus is the conception of judicial lawmaking embraced - and expressly articulated - by the great judges who have shaped, and continue to shape, American law: Chief Judge Lemuel Shaw, Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Justice Roger Traynor, and Judge Richard Posner.  The views of these judges are placed in the context of the law and legal scholarship (tort, constitutional, and jurisprudential) of their respective eras.  The materials thus span the formative era of American law (the Shaw era 1830-1860), the seminal Lochner era, the Traynor era, and conclude by examining the contemporary tort scene and the recent jurisprudential writings of Judge Posner.

LAW AND MEDICINE (Wiggins, C.)
3 credits
This seminar explores recent developments in the health care industry of particular importance to lawyers. The first segment of this course is devoted to a range of broad societal topics such as health care cost containment strategies, guaranteeing quality control of medical delivery systems, and assuring access to the system for all who are in need of health care. The remainder of the seminar explores current issues in the relation of physician and patient and the management of technology, such as professional confidentiality, fetal/maternal conflicts, AIDS and termination of treatment.

LAW AND RELIGION (SMITH, S.)
3 credits
In this course we examine the religion clauses of the Constitution. We look at both Supreme Court decisions and various theories about the meaning of the clauses. Among other things, we ask what “religion” should be taken to include and whether a theory of religious freedom must be religious itself. Students will choose paper topics in consultation with the professor and then present and defend a draft in class at the end of the semester. A research paper is required.

LAW OF AMERICAN DEMOCRACY (Auerbach)
3 credits
The seminar will explore the ways in which our Constitution and legislation implement the principle that democratic government is based on the consent of the governed. It will begin by examining democratic structures that differ from our own. It will then consider our federalism and the bicameral structure of our federal government; our system of legislative representation; the electoral college and selection of the President (including the election of 2000); the role and regulation of political parties and our two-party system; campaign finance (money and politics); proposals for electoral reform, including term-limits; the function of judicial review in a democracy, including judicial selection; and direct democracy at the local level, particularly in California.

LAW OF THE SEA (Vargas)
2 credits
Instruction concentrates on the origins and development of the legal regime applicable to the uses and resources of the oceans. Special consideration is given to the formulation and codification process of this dynamic branch of public international law, in particular the work and final outcome of the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea. Topics for analysis also will include fishing activities, maritime delimitation, pollution, marine scientific research, and U.S. policy regarding law of the sea matters. A research paper will be required.

LAWYERING SKILLS II (Hartwell)
3 credits
Students receive training in a variety of legal skills, including interviewing, counseling, negotiating, drafting (memos, pleadings, correspondence, briefs), motion practice, discovery, trial advocacy and alternative dispute resolution. The course is specifically designed to follow-up on and expand the skills introduced to the student in the Lawyering Skills I course. The course methodology will combine lectures, demonstrations and individual student performances in small groups with extensive critique and feedback by small group instructors who are experienced practitioners. The course culminates in a mock trial performed by the students in pairs. Four-tier Pass/Fail grading. Prerequisite: Evidence. (Since this course is a prerequisite for actual client clinic courses, it is highly recommended that students take this course early in their second year.)

MILITARY JUSTICE AND NATIONAL SECURITY (Devitt)
2 credits
This course focuses upon (a) the United States Constitution as it relates to the military justice system; (b) the substantive and procedural rules of the court martial system, including a review of the Uniform Code of Military Justice; (c) practical analysis of the trial and appellate process in the military context; (d) evidence issues unique to military tribunals; and (e) national security, including analysis of applicable constitutional provisions and the interplay between the military justice system and national security.

NAFTA (Folsom)
3 credits
This course provides an introduction to the law of the North American Free Trade Agreement, MERCOSUR, the proposed Free Trade Area of the Americas and other Western Hemisphere trade relations. Subjects to be addressed include trade in goods, cross-border services, intellectual property, investment, dispute settlement, and the treatment of labor and the environmental issues. Particular attention will also be paid to NAFTA investor/state arbitrations.

NEGOTIATION
3 credits
A simulation course offering advanced training in the theory and practice of negotiating. Simulated negotiations of increasing complexity are carried on outside the classroom. Students are introduced to contrasting negotiation contexts, such as family and criminal law practice. Students maintain a journal over the semester. Emphasis is placed on the unique ethical issues attending negotiations. Lawyering Skills II course is recommended. Enrollment is limited. The course is graded on a 4-tier Pass/Fail basis.

PROBLEMS IN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW: An Historical Approach (Rappaport)
3 credits
This course will examine various issues in constitutional law. Some of these issues are only of historical interest whereas others continue to be of practical importance. These issues include (but are not limited to): whether the Constitution authorizes judicial review; the meaning of the Privileges or Immunities Clause; whether the 14th Amendment was validly enacted; the scope of Congress's spending power; the mode of interpreting the Constitution intended by the Framers; and the meaning of the 9th Amendment. 

The course begins with an examination of significant constitutional events from the early history of the nation, including the constitutional issues raised by the American Revolution, and the drafting, enactment, and ratification of the Constitution. It then covers the above mentioned issues from an historical perspective. (The course will also examine the drafting and implementation of the 14th Amendment).

Paper Option: While most students should expect to take a final, a paper option is available for students who are especially interested in writing about a particular subject. Students who pursue this option should already know something about the area they intend to write about and should be ready to develop their topic at the beginning of the course.

PRACTICUM - CIVIL (Wharton)
3 credits
The practicum is an intensive simulation clinic course offered as an alternative to Lawyering Skills II. Class enrollment is limited. The course uses case files, role players, expert practitioners and faculty to teach important lawyering skills. In 1998, the course will be devoted primarily to advocacy in so-called alternate fora for dispute resolution.

PUBLIC INTEREST LAW AND PRACTICE (Fellmeth, R.)
2 - 3 credits (Year-long course)
Students study the substantive laws governing the functioning and decisionmaking of state administrative agencies. These laws include the "sunshine statutes" which require most agency decisionmaking to take place in public and guarantee public access to most agency records (the open meetings acts and the California Public Records Act) and the state Administrative Procedure Act, which governs the process agencies must follow to adopt regulations or take disciplinary action against the license of a licensee. Students also study important limitations on the power of agencies (including constitutional and antitrust limitations), and the functioning of the state legislature, which may enact, repeal, or amend the enabling acts of most agencies. As part of their coursework, students are assigned to monitor two California agencies; they travel all over the state to attend agency meetings, monitor and analyze their activities, interview agency officials and licensees, and track rulemaking, legislation, and litigation affecting their agencies. Twice during the year, students submit written reports on the activities of their assigned agencies. These reports are edited by CPIL professional staff and published, with attribution to the student author, in the Center's California Regulatory Law Reporter, the only legal journal of its kind in the nation; the Reporter is reprinted in full on Westlaw.

Students wishing to take Public Interest Law and Practice should pre-register for the course - but do not assign it a priority number . Public Interest Law and Practice is subject to a special application procedure; please attend our orientation sessions on April 13-14 or visit CPIL's offices (rear door of the LRC) for further information.

REAL ESTATE FINANCE (Raushenbush)
2 credits
This course surveys real estate security and financing both residential and commercial, including mortgages, deeds of trust, and installment land contracts. Coverage will be general, with some California emphasis.

REAL PROPERTY TRANSACTIONS (Horning)
2 credits
This course covers the practical aspects of real property transactions, both residential and commercial. Topics include purchase & sale documents, escrows, title insurance, options, easements, deeds and title issues, leases, basic financing instruments, and remedies for real property disputes. The course builds on the broader conceptual concepts covered in the Property course, and examines the application of those concepts used by practitioners in advising their clients in transactions.

REMEDIES (Heriot)
4 credits
Legal and equitable remedies under statutes and the common law are examined and compared. The course focuses on methods of evaluating alternative remedies and arguing for or against their creation or use in a given case. The course objective is to enable the student not only to identify all available remedies but also to choose the preferred remedy from among them. The principal subjects covered are equity, restitution and damages.

SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE (Shore)
3 credits
This course will address the technical requirements under California law for admissibility of both established and new forms of scientific evidence. Possible topics include fingerprints, serology, odontology, DNA and others. Students will apply the principles of admissibility by participating in realistic foundational hearings in the classroom, and will present papers on specific forms of scientific evidence. Open only to students who have completed their second year.

SECURITIES REGULATION (Prakash)
3 credits
This course provides an overview of the federal and state regulation of initial offerings of securities and resale restrictions. It focuses mainly on the history, policies, operation and effect of the Federal Securities Act of 1933. Topics covered include the definition of a "security," the registration and disclosure requirements for the public offering of securities, the regulation of private placements, intrastate offerings and small offerings, resale restrictions, liability, and the professional responsibility of securities lawyers. Corporations must be taken prior to or concurrently with this course.

SPECIAL EDUCATION AND THE LAW (Dalton)
2 credits
This class is designed to train students to respond to the legal needs of families whose children have physical, learning, or emotional disabilities. Course work covers federal and California laws governing the rights of students with disabilities to special education and related services. Class includes an overview of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), the Individualized Education Program (IEP), the continuum of placements, discipline provisions, procedural safeguards, and legal remedies. Statutory and case law are utilized to assist students in understanding this complex and emerging area of specialization. The first two sessions of class join with an intersession class for graduate students in the School of Education, exposing students from both disciplines to the challenges that families of children with special needs encounter. No prerequisite.

SPORTS AND THE LAW (Simon)
2 credits
This course will address the intersection between the business of sports and various bodies of law. Topics will include contract law, antitrust, labor law, governance of professional sports leagues, regulation of amateur sports, and gender discrimination. Knowledge of antitrust and labor law is useful but not required.

TAX II (Snyder, L.)
3 credits
Tax II involves a study of the basic concepts of federal income taxation of corporations and their shareholders, including organization of corporations; cash and stock dividends; redemptions of stock; partial and complete liquidations; sales of corporate businesses and reorganizations. Taxation of corporations is compared with taxation of partnerships and S corporations. The emphasis is on careful analysis of Code provisions, Treasury Regulations, other administrative materials and important judicial decisions in relation to problems that are frequently assigned in advance of class discussion. Prerequisite: Tax I.

TAX LITIGATION (Carpenter)
2 credits
This course provides a comprehensive review of prelitigation IRS administrative procedures, practical analysis in the selection of a choice of forum to litigate a federal tax dispute, pre-trial practice and case analysis, trial techniques and strategies when litigating a federal tax dispute before the U.S. Tax Court, and a review of refund litigation. Prerequisite: Tax I. This is an advanced tax course with priority enrollment for LL.M. in Taxation students.

TAX POLICY (Laro)
2 credits
Tax Policy is a reflection of the country's social, economic and political history. Alongside the question of how much to tax, is the critical decision of how to allocate the tax burden among the various taxpayers. Deciding who is to be taxed and how much to tax them is the substance of this course on the tax policy. We will examine tax policy by looking at the tax legislative process, the policy makers, and various code provisions as part of the focus on various tax issues and problems. Students will be required to write short papers on tax issues throughout the course. Grades will be based on the short papers and the final paper. A final paper on an assigned subject will be due after the class ends. The final paper is not intended to and does not fulfill the J.D. Written Work requirement of the law school. This is an advanced tax course. Class size is limited. Enrollment priority will go to: (1) LLMTs with a SP06 or FA06 graduation date; 2) JDs admitted to the LL.M. program with a FA06 LL.M. graduation date.

Course Materials: The course materials will consist of various articles and cases. In addition, various chapters in David Laro and Shannon P. Pratt, Business Valuation and Taxes (2005), will be assigned.

TAX POLICY (Snyder, L)
2 credits
This seminar will focus on three selected areas of tax reform: (1) Problems with the realization requirement and inconsistent treatment of different sources of income (earned v. unearned); (2) Revising the way we tax businesses (public and private); and (3) Analysis of some consumption tax proposals (including a national sales tax, the Flat Tax, and the Value Added Tax. [Selected issues in capital gains and losses and taxation of the family unit may also be explored.] The primary goal in studying these areas is to better understand the rationale for several areas of current tax law. The assigned material will include law review articles and excerpts from the most recent tax legislation passed by Congress. There is one paper assignment (10-12 pages). Each week students will also be assigned to respond to questions regarding each assignment. Designated as a perspectives course in the graduate tax program. Prerequisites: Tax I and Tax II or their equivalents. This is an advanced tax course . Class size is limited. Enrollment priority will go to: (1) LLMTs with a SP06 or FA06 graduation date; 2) JDs admitted to the LL.M. program with a FA06 LL.M. graduation date

TAX RESEARCH AND COMMUNICATIONS
3 credits
This course involves an intensive examination of federal tax research techniques, including an evaluation of legislative history and administrative authorities. Students are required to research and prepare complex tax documents such as protests, opinion letters, memoranda of law, and Tax Court petitions. The course may not be counted toward the LL.M. if the candidate elects to write a thesis. Enrollment is limited to 12 students (no J.D.’s) with priority to 1) May graduates and 2) full-time students.

TAXATION OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCE (Forry)
1 credit
This course derives -- from alternative approaches to capital investment neutrality and governmental benefits -- the competing national bases for income, asset transfer and value added taxation of cross-border activities.  The current importance of transfer pricing among related parties and the mitigation of multiple national taxation by unilateral national measures, tax treaties and EU directives are discussed and illustrated by examples.  The course then applies these key tax concepts in structuring cross-border financing, including international project finance, securitization, capital markets equity and debt financing, and the use of international investment funds. Prerequisite: Tax I or Corporate Finance.

TRUSTS AND ESTATES: COMMUNITY PROPERTY (Wesley)
3 credits
In this course the non-tax aspects of estate planning are integrated, combining wills, trusts, future interests, and community property. Methods of family wealth transfer in both community property and non-community property jurisdictions are considered, including: inter vivos gifts, wills, trusts, intestate succession and will substitutes. Fiduciary administration; class gifts; powers of appointment; the rule against perpetuities; charitable trusts; classification, control and management of community property; and the distribution of property on dissolution of the community are studied.

UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE: SALES AND LEASES OF GOODS (Lawrence)
3 credits
This course involves sales and leases of goods under Articles 2 and 2A of the UCC, including treatment of the recent revisions in both articles. The primary topics include contract formation and enforceability, term of the contract, risk of loss, warranties, performance and breach, remedies for breach, and transfer of goods. A problem-solving approach is used extensively.

TRUSTS AND ESTATES : WILLS and TRUSTS  (Lilly)
3 credits
This survey course provides an introduction to non-tax aspects of estate planning and the law of gratuitous transfers, including inter vivos gifts, intestate succession, wills, will substitutes, trusts, fiduciary administration and future interests.

VALUATION (Laro)
2 credits
This course encompasses the ever expanding body of law as it relates to valuation of business interest. Topics include the proper standard of valuation, various valuation methods, and the use of discounts and premiums. The class will review business valuation issues with respect to family limited partnerships, estate planning, corporation transactions, and other areas. Cutting edge issues such as valuing high tech companies will be covered.
This is an advanced tax course with priority enrollment for LL.M. in Taxation students.

WHITE COLLAR CRIME (Attanasio)
2 credits
The course will cover a variety of topics related to the defense and prosecution of "white collar" criminal offenses, with a particular focus on emerging trends in the law arising from recent corporate scandals and prosecutions. The lectures will emphasize strategies for conducting internal investigations of corporations and their officers and directors, as well as tactics used by law enforcement in conducting white collar grand jury investigations and criminal prosecutions. In this regard, the course will be geared towards students interested in pursuing careers as prosecutors or criminal defense attorneys, as well as those who may represent corporate clients generally.

Clinic classes offer a classroom component as well as interactions with clients. Clinic applications are available online, in the Registrar's office, and at the Legal Clinics offices at Alcala West (AW) Room 305. Prerequisites vary, so read the descriptions carefully. Enrollment is limited, and some clinics fill quickly. All courses require an interview with the professor and signed approval to enroll. For Clinic I classes, the grading scale is a 4-tier Pass/Fail. For Clinic II classes, professors have the option of using a 4-tier Pass/Fail or traditional numerical grade. Contact Jesi Betancourt, Clinic Coordinator, extension 7470, if you have any questions about the enrollment process.

Child Advocacy Clinic: Policy 1 (1-3 credits)
Child Advocacy Clinic: Policy 1I (1-3 credits)
Child Advocacy Clinic: Dependency I (3 credits)
Child Advocacy Clinic: Dependency II (1-3 credits)
As Arranged
Fellmeth, R.
Child Advocacy Clinic is available for students who are taking or have completed Child Rights and Remedies. Clinic student have two options:

• Students participating in the Dependency Section work with an assigned attorney from the San Diego Office of the Public Defender representing abused children in dependency court proceedings. Interns working in the Dependency Section must become certified by the State Bar, submit fingerprints for a background check, and have a valid California driver's license, current California auto registration, and current auto insurance. Dependency Section interns must clear their class schedules such that they have two full days per week to work at the Public Defender's Office. Also, students must have completed or be enrolled in Evidence and Civil Procedure (in addition to Child Rights and Remedies) in order to participate in the Dependency Section. Dependency Section interns meet as a group once a week for one hour to discuss their work and to review current issues in child advocacy. A Dependency Section internship is worth three units.
• Students participating in the Policy Section work with CAI staff on projects relating to state agency rulemaking, legislation, litigation, or other advocacy. Policy projects might include performing research and writing on the California Children's Budget or the Children's Regulatory Law Reporter . Interns may also be assigned to participate in policy research and analysis of current applications of law and regulations as they affect children. A Policy Section internship may be taken for 1-3 units.

Students who wish to take either the Dependency or Policy component of Child Advocacy Clinic must submit a questionnaire and obtain a permission slip from Professor Robert Fellmeth or Elisa Weichel before preregistering for the course. Their offices are located in the CPIL/CAI offices (through the rear door of the Legal Research Center). Slots in the clinic are limited.

Civil Clinic I (4 credits)
Civil Clinic II (2-4 credits)
Students interview, counsel and represent clients in actual civil cases under the supervision of a clinical professor through the in-house clinic law office. Weekly group meetings are combined with individual case conferences to provide intensive personal training in problem solving and case management, and to provide exposure to practice and procedure. Prerequisites: Civil Procedure, Evidence and either Practicum or Lawyering Skills II.

Criminal Clinic I (4 credits)
Criminal Clinic II (2-6 credits)
This is a clinical course that places students with a prosecuting or defending trial agency in the criminal justice system. Criminal Clinic I has a two-hour per week classroom component that provides simulations, lectures and discussions in the most common areas of criminal practice. Prerequisites: Evidence, Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure I, and Lawyering Skills II. Recommended but not required: Criminal Procedure II. Criminal Clinic II hours are utilized in Placement. Criminal Clinic registration deadlines and materials differ from other clinics. To enroll, students must complete an essay application form with requested documents during the posted period, obtain the approval of the Criminal Clinic professor, and obtain a placement prior to enrollment.

Entrepreneurship Clinic I and II (2-3 credits)
Through hands-on opportunities, students in the Entrepreneurship Clinic provide pro bono legal services to low- and moderate-income entrepreneurs who want to start or expand their small businesses. The Entrepreneurship Clinic does not engage in litigation-related services; instead, it focuses on advising clients on legal matters relating to their business and assisting in drafting and filing necessary documents. Such work includes determining the appropriate choice of business entity; assistance in obtaining necessary permits and licenses; advising on employment and independent contractor issues; drafting and reviewing commercial contracts and leases; and assisting with the establishment of tax-exempt organizations. No prerequisites.

Environmental Clinic I (4 credits)
Environmental Clinic II (1-5 credits)
This is a clinical course for students who wish to develop litigation skills in the context of environmental law. All work is performed under the direct supervision of the director of the Environmental Law Clinic. There is a two-hour per week classroom component, as well as a regular meeting with the director of the Environmental Law Clinic. Prerequisite: Environmental Law, which may be taken concurrently.

Immigration Clinic I and II (2-4 credits)
Students gain practical experience through interviewing, counseling, and representing clients with immigration-related problems. Prior or concurrent enrollment in Immigration Law is highly recommended. Weekly meetings are held with the clinic supervisor to discuss immigration law and practice and casework.

Land Use Clinic I and II (2-4 credits)
The Land Use Clinic provides students with the opportunity to become involved in land use and land development issues. Students maybe placed with a government agency, such as the San Diego City Attorney = s Office, or elect to work with private clients. Students represent private clients by assisting property owners through the permitting process and at discretionary review hearings. Students also meet with local community planning groups and negotiate with the city or other governmental agencies. Students represent private clients under the supervision of the Land Use Clinic director. The weekly two hour classroom component covers the basic statutory and regulatory framework of land use law and procedures . No prerequisites.

Perspectives in Criminal Justice (3 credits)
Wednesdays, 10:30 am - 11:45 pm
Berend
Students serve as pre-arraignment representatives for the Department of the Public Defender by going into the San Diego County Jail and identifying recent arrestees who have not made bail. Students conduct initial interviews to provide advice regarding an arrestee's constitutional and statutory rights, address an arrestee's concerns arising from his incarceration, and obtain and investigate information relevant to the issue of bail, such as the arrestee's length of residence, his current employment status, and ties to the local community. Students assist the deputy public defender in the felony arraignment department by counseling and arraigning defendants charged with felony offenses and arguing for a bail reduction or own recognizance release. Students also interview persons convicted of a criminal offense who are eligible for an expungement of their convictions. Students compile and prepare the documentation required for the appropriate expungement motion. Students certified by the California State Bar may argue any motions that they have prepared that are set for a court hearing. Prerequisite: Criminal Law. For students who want to be certified, Evidence is also a prerequisite.

PUBLIC INTEREST LAW CLINIC (1-3 credits)
As Arranged
Fellmeth, J.
Students who enjoy Public Interest Law and Practice frequently go on to take Public Interest Law Clinic, in which they may design their own writing or advocacy project related to regulatory or public interest law. In the past, these projects have included written critiques of agencies or agency programs; petitioning an agency to adopt regulations; drafting model legislation; participating in litigation to enforce the state's "sunshine statutes"; or submitting amicus curiae briefs on public interest issues pending appeal. Student critiques of publishable quality may satisfy USD's written work requirement.

Students interested in Public Interest Law Clinic must secure a permission slip prior to pre-registration from Professor Julie D'Angelo Fellmeth at CPIL's offices.

Small Claims Clinic I and II (2-4 credits)
The Small Claims Clinic offers students the opportunity to develop interviewing and counseling skills as well as trial preparation skills in the Small Claims Court context. Students assist low-income families in preparing their cases for trial at Small Claims Court and can represent clients in the appeals process in Superior Court.  No Prerequisites.

Special Education Clinic I and II (1-4 credits)
Students receive practical training and experience in client intake, interviewing and counseling, and representation of clients at meetings with school district personnel. Some cases proceed to formal mediation and hearing. Weekly group meetings are combined with individual case conferences to provide intensive personal training in case management. The classroom component also includes an overview of statutes and cases in this growing area of civil law. No prerequisites.

Tax Clinic I (4 credits)
This is a hands-on clinical course for students who wish to develop tax controversy skills. Students working under the supervision of the Tax Clinic supervising attorney will represent low income taxpayers in resolving their tax disputes with the IRS. Students will learn client interviewing skills, how to interact with the IRS personnel, and how to effectively resolve a client's federal tax dispute. Students also must also be available to participate in Tax Clinic Outreach presentations at various community locations and times. Prerequisite: Tax I. Note: The Tax Clinic has a separate application form.

INTERNATIONAL LAW JOURNAL CASENOTE
1 credit

INTERNATIONAL LAW JOURNAL COMMENT
1-2 credits

JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY LEGAL ISSUES CASENOTE
1 credit

JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY LEGAL ISSUES COMMENT
1-2 credits

LAW REVIEW CASENOTE
1 credit

LAW REVIEW COMMENT
1-2 credits

LAW REVIEW BOARD
1-3 credits

MOCK TRIAL (Wharton)
1 credit

MOOT COURT (Devitt)
1 credit

MOOT COURT HONORS COMPETITION (Devitt)
0-1 credit

INDEPENDENT SUPERVISED RESEARCH
0 to 2 credits
After the student's first year of law school, the student may obtain between zero and two credits during any semester or summer for independent supervised research and writing. If a seminar is available within which the same project could be written, the project should be written in that seminar. Additional administrative rules apply - see Academic Rules (I.A.2.a. and e.).